N2 Grammar guide · group 13 of 20

JLPT N2 grammar, group 13

21 grammar points, each with what it means and example sentences.

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~ままでは

「このままでは」 warns that if the current situation continues unchanged, a bad outcome will result. It calls for intervention.

  • このままでは、彼は来ないだろう。

    As things stand, he probably won't come.

今に始まったことではない

今に始まったことではない marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「今に始まったことではない」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 彼は今に始まったことではない、勉強しない。

  • 彼は今に始まったことではない、勉強しない。

    It's not just now that he doesn't study.

~から見れば

「私から見れば」 sets the standpoint, role, or standard used to judge the second clause.

  • 私から見れば、彼は天才だと思う。

    From my point of view, I think he is a genius.

~だけあって

「難しいだけあって」 connects a reason with an expected impressive result: because A is true, B makes sense.

  • この仕事は難しいだけあって、誰にもできない。

    As expected since it's difficult, no one can do this work.

~からして

「表情からして」 means 'even from; judging by; starting from'. It singles out one striking example to show that the whole situation is already problematic or impressive.

  • 彼は表情からして、嘘をついている。

    Judging from his expression, he's lying.

~途端

「ベルが鳴った途端」 fixes the time relationship between the two clauses: since, every time, while, the moment, or immediately.

  • ベルが鳴った途端、準備を始めた。

    The moment the bell rang, I started preparing.

~のことだから

「君のことだから」 shows that the speaker predicts or explains behaviour based on knowing the person well. It expresses a reasonable expectation given what that person is like.

  • この問題は君のことだから、解けるはずだ。

    Because it's you, you should be able to solve this problem.

~次第で

「次第で」 has two main uses: (1) 'as soon as' — the moment the verb-masu action is completed, the second clause follows immediately; (2) 'depending on' — the outcome varies according to N.

  • 桜の開花状況は、天候次第で大きく前後する。

    When the cherry blossoms open shifts a great deal depending on the weather.

こういう~では

「こういう状況では」 rejects a possibility very strongly. The sentence is not a neutral guess; it says the speaker believes that situation cannot be true.

  • こういう状況では、彼は来るはずがない。

    Given the circumstances, there's no way he'll come.

~でさえ

「私でさえ」 highlights an extreme or unexpected example to make a stronger point. If even this extreme case is true, then the general case is certainly true too.

  • この仕事は私でさえ、私には無理だ。

    Even for me, this work is impossible.

~ておきながら

「守ると言っておきながら」 criticises someone for acting in a way that contradicts what they have already done or know. The tone is one of reproach.

  • 彼は守ると言っておきながら、約束を守らなかった。

    Despite saying he would keep it, he didn't keep his promise.

いくら~ても

「いくら飲んでも」 says the result stays the same no matter how strong the condition is.

  • この薬はいくら飲んでも、効果がない。

    No matter how much you take, this medicine has no effect.

Nのわりには

「人気店のわりには」 compares the actual result with another standard or expectation.

  • この店は人気店のわりには、値段が高い。

    Considering it's a popular store, the prices are high.

~まい限り

「何かあるまい限り」 sets a necessary condition: unless that condition changes, the result in the second clause remains true.

  • 何かあるまい限り、彼は来るだろう。

    Unless something happens, he should come.

~て以来

「入社して以来7年間」 fixes the time relationship between the two clauses: since, every time, while, the moment, or immediately.

  • 彼は入社して以来7年間、一度も遅刻したことがない。

    In the 7 years since joining, he has never been late once.

~ないうちに

「暗くならないうちに」 fixes the time relationship between the two clauses: since, every time, while, the moment, or immediately.

  • 暗くならないうちに、家に帰ろう。

    Let's go home before it gets dark.

~に伴って

~に伴って marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「季節の変化に伴って」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 季節の変化に伴って、体調を崩す人が増える。

  • 季節の変化に伴って、体調を崩す人が増える。

    As the seasons change, the number of people falling ill rises.

~かけの

~かけの marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「読みかけ」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 読みかけの本を、また来月まで放っておいた。

  • 読みかけの本を、また来月まで放っておいた。

    I left the half-read book untouched until next month again.

~ば~ほど

「近づけば近づくほど」 expresses proportional change: as one thing increases or continues, the other changes with it.

  • 締め切りが近づけば近づくほど、焦りが増していく。

    The closer the deadline gets, the more anxious I become.

~っこない

~っこない marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「終わりっこない」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 一日でこの量の作業が終わりっこない。

  • 一日でこの量の作業が終わりっこない。

    There is no way this much work will finish in a single day.

~上で

~上で marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「確認した上で」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 日程を確認した上で、改めてご返事します。

  • 日程を確認した上で、改めてご返事します。

    I will reply again after confirming the schedule.