~ままでは
「このままでは」 warns that if the current situation continues unchanged, a bad outcome will result. It calls for intervention.
このままでは、彼は来ないだろう。
As things stand, he probably won't come.
N2 Grammar guide · group 13 of 20
21 grammar points, each with what it means and example sentences.
Practise this group「このままでは」 warns that if the current situation continues unchanged, a bad outcome will result. It calls for intervention.
このままでは、彼は来ないだろう。
As things stand, he probably won't come.
今に始まったことではない marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「今に始まったことではない」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 彼は今に始まったことではない、勉強しない。
彼は今に始まったことではない、勉強しない。
It's not just now that he doesn't study.
「私から見れば」 sets the standpoint, role, or standard used to judge the second clause.
私から見れば、彼は天才だと思う。
From my point of view, I think he is a genius.
「難しいだけあって」 connects a reason with an expected impressive result: because A is true, B makes sense.
この仕事は難しいだけあって、誰にもできない。
As expected since it's difficult, no one can do this work.
「表情からして」 means 'even from; judging by; starting from'. It singles out one striking example to show that the whole situation is already problematic or impressive.
彼は表情からして、嘘をついている。
Judging from his expression, he's lying.
「ベルが鳴った途端」 fixes the time relationship between the two clauses: since, every time, while, the moment, or immediately.
ベルが鳴った途端、準備を始めた。
The moment the bell rang, I started preparing.
「君のことだから」 shows that the speaker predicts or explains behaviour based on knowing the person well. It expresses a reasonable expectation given what that person is like.
この問題は君のことだから、解けるはずだ。
Because it's you, you should be able to solve this problem.
「次第で」 has two main uses: (1) 'as soon as' — the moment the verb-masu action is completed, the second clause follows immediately; (2) 'depending on' — the outcome varies according to N.
桜の開花状況は、天候次第で大きく前後する。
When the cherry blossoms open shifts a great deal depending on the weather.
「こういう状況では」 rejects a possibility very strongly. The sentence is not a neutral guess; it says the speaker believes that situation cannot be true.
こういう状況では、彼は来るはずがない。
Given the circumstances, there's no way he'll come.
「私でさえ」 highlights an extreme or unexpected example to make a stronger point. If even this extreme case is true, then the general case is certainly true too.
この仕事は私でさえ、私には無理だ。
Even for me, this work is impossible.
「守ると言っておきながら」 criticises someone for acting in a way that contradicts what they have already done or know. The tone is one of reproach.
彼は守ると言っておきながら、約束を守らなかった。
Despite saying he would keep it, he didn't keep his promise.
「いくら飲んでも」 says the result stays the same no matter how strong the condition is.
この薬はいくら飲んでも、効果がない。
No matter how much you take, this medicine has no effect.
「人気店のわりには」 compares the actual result with another standard or expectation.
この店は人気店のわりには、値段が高い。
Considering it's a popular store, the prices are high.
「何かあるまい限り」 sets a necessary condition: unless that condition changes, the result in the second clause remains true.
何かあるまい限り、彼は来るだろう。
Unless something happens, he should come.
「入社して以来7年間」 fixes the time relationship between the two clauses: since, every time, while, the moment, or immediately.
彼は入社して以来7年間、一度も遅刻したことがない。
In the 7 years since joining, he has never been late once.
「暗くならないうちに」 fixes the time relationship between the two clauses: since, every time, while, the moment, or immediately.
暗くならないうちに、家に帰ろう。
Let's go home before it gets dark.
~に伴って marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「季節の変化に伴って」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 季節の変化に伴って、体調を崩す人が増える。
季節の変化に伴って、体調を崩す人が増える。
As the seasons change, the number of people falling ill rises.
~かけの marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「読みかけ」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 読みかけの本を、また来月まで放っておいた。
読みかけの本を、また来月まで放っておいた。
I left the half-read book untouched until next month again.
「近づけば近づくほど」 expresses proportional change: as one thing increases or continues, the other changes with it.
締め切りが近づけば近づくほど、焦りが増していく。
The closer the deadline gets, the more anxious I become.
~っこない marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「終わりっこない」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 一日でこの量の作業が終わりっこない。
一日でこの量の作業が終わりっこない。
There is no way this much work will finish in a single day.
~上で marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「確認した上で」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 日程を確認した上で、改めてご返事します。
日程を確認した上で、改めてご返事します。
I will reply again after confirming the schedule.