N1 Grammar guide · group 26 of 29

JLPT N1 grammar, group 26

16 grammar points, each with what it means and example sentences.

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~からといって

~からといって means 'just because...doesn't mean...'. Used to deny logical connection. Often paired with とは限らない、わけではない.

  • 試験に合格したからといって、就職できるとは限らない。

    Just because you pass the exam, it doesn't necessarily mean you can get a job.

~たら最後

~たら最後 means 'once.../the moment...'. Implies that once A happens, B is inevitable and often irreversible. Dramatic tone.

  • この映画は一度見たら最後、忘れられない。

    Once you see this movie, you can't forget it.

~であるのみならず

~であるのみならず is the full formal form of のみならず. Means 'not only is...but also...'. Used in essays and formal writing.

  • 彼女は美人であるのみならず、性格もいい。

    She is not only beautiful but also has a good personality.

~に代えても

~に代えても means 'even at the cost of.../even if it means sacrificing...'. Expresses strong determination. Very formal written expression.

  • この仕事は命に代えても、やり遂げる。

    I will complete this job even at the cost of my life.

~であるにしては

~であるにしては means 'for someone who is.../considering that...'. Used when reality doesn't match what's expected from the status.

  • 彼は医者であるにしては、誤診をした。

    For someone who is a doctor, he made a misdiagnosis.

~でありながらも

~でありながらも is an emphatic form of でありながら. Means 'even though.../despite being...'. も adds emphasis to the contrast.

  • 彼は金持ちでありながらも、質素な生活をしている。

    Even though he is rich, he lives a simple life.

~でありながら

~でありながら means 'despite being.../although...'. Formal. Used to contrast status/identity with unexpected behavior. Carries strong moral condemnation here.

  • 彼は医者でありながら、人の命を奪った。

    Despite being a doctor, he took a person's life.

  • 彼は医者でありながら、救えなかった命がある。

    Despite being a doctor, there are lives he couldn't save.

~に足る

~に足る means 'to be worth.../to be sufficient for...'. Very formal/literary. Often with 読むに足る、信じるに足る.

  • この本は読むに足る価値がある古典だ。

    This is a classic worth reading.

~にあたっては

~にあたっては means 'at the time of/when...'. Used for occasions, events, or starting something important. は adds contrast/emphasis.

  • 新工場の建設にあたっては、環境アセスメントを実施した。

    When it comes to constructing the new factory, we conducted an environmental assessment.

~であるばかりか

~であるばかりか means 'not only...but also...'. Emphatic version of だけでなく. Used to add surprising additional information.

  • 彼は天才であるばかりか、努力を怠らない。

    He is not only a genius but also doesn't neglect effort.

~とはいえ

~とはいえ means 'although.../even so...'. Used to concede a point before stating a contrast. More formal than けど/けれど.

  • 彼は貧しいとはいえ、希望を捨てない。

    Although he is poor, he doesn't abandon hope.

~を余儀なくされる

~を余儀なくされる means to be forced or compelled to do something due to circumstances beyond one's control. It attaches to a noun (action noun) + を.

  • 突然のリストラで、彼は早期退職を余儀なくされた。

    Due to sudden restructuring, he was forced into early retirement.

~たりとも

'Not even one [unit].' Always negative. Counter+たりとも+negative. Very formal/literary.

  • 一票たりとも無駄にするな、と候補者は有権者に訴えた。

    The candidate appealed to voters not to waste even a single vote.

~ないまでも

'Even if not [fully], at least.' Acknowledges ideal not reached but affirms a lesser level. V/Adjない+まで+も.

  • プロ並みでないまでも、趣味として楽しめるレベルにはなりたい。

    Even if not at a professional level, I want to reach a level to enjoy it as a hobby.

~にもほどがある

'There's a limit to [bad behavior / excessive degree].' Expresses exasperation that something has gone too far. N/V/Adj+にもほどがある.

  • いくら急いでいても、人を押しのけるにもほどがあるにもほどがある。

    No matter how much of a hurry you're in, there's a limit to pushing people aside.

~に即して

'In accordance with / based on.' Used for following rules, facts, reality, or principles. N+に即して/に即した.

  • 契約内容に即して、双方が義務を果たす必要がある。

    Both parties need to fulfill their obligations in accordance with the contract.