どう～ても
「どうやっても」 says the result stays the same no matter how strong the condition is.
この問題はどうやっても、誰にも解けない。
No matter how you do it, no one can solve this problem.
N2 Grammar guide · group 18 of 20
JLPT N2 grammar, group 18
21 grammar points, each with what it means and example sentences.
Practise this group～や否や
「チャンスを得るや否や」 talks about whether something is possible in a formal written style. It usually follows the verb stem.
彼はチャンスを得るや否や、会社を辞めた。
As soon as he got the chance, he quit the company.
～からして
「成分からして」 means 'even from; judging by; starting from'. It singles out one striking example to show that the whole situation is already problematic or impressive.
この薬は成分からして、子供でも飲める。
Judging from the ingredients, even children can take this medicine.
～のみならず～も
「大変なのみならず」 adds a second point beyond the first one: not only A, but also B. The second clause usually feels like an extra or stronger point.
この仕事は大変なのみならず、やりがいがある。
Not only is this work hard, it's also rewarding.
人が何と言おうと
「人が何と言おうと」 dismisses any possible objection or comment from others, asserting that the speaker's position remains firm regardless of what anyone says.
彼は人が何と言おうと、天才だと思う。
Regardless of what others say, I think he is a genius.
私事により
私事により marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「私事により」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 私事により、今日は休みます。
私事により、今日は休みます。
Due to personal reasons, I will be absent today.
～たところで
「説明したところで」 focuses on a specific point in time, condition, or source of information. The surrounding sentence tells you which use it is.
この問題は説明したところで、解けない。
Even if you explain it, this problem can't be solved.
～ておきながら
「厳しく訓練しておきながら」 criticises someone for acting in a way that contradicts what they have already done or know. The tone is one of reproach.
彼は厳しく訓練しておきながら、誰にも勝てない。
Despite training hard, he can't beat anyone.
～を通じて
「を通じて」 has two uses: (1) through a medium or intermediary — the noun before it is the channel; (2) throughout a period — the noun names a time span.
この統計は、公式サイトを通じて公開されている。
These statistics are published through the official website.
～だけあって
「子供向けに作られているだけあって」 connects a reason with an expected impressive result: because A is true, B makes sense.
この薬は子供向けに作られているだけあって、子供でも飲める。
As it's made for children, even children can take this medicine.
～から見れば
「私から見れば」 sets the standpoint, role, or standard used to judge the second clause.
私から見れば、彼は優しい人だ。
In my view, he is a kind person.
～途端
「授業が終わった途端」 fixes the time relationship between the two clauses: since, every time, while, the moment, or immediately.
彼は授業が終わった途端、約束を破った。
The moment class ended, he broke his promise.
Nの割には
Nの割には marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「安い割には」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: この薬は安い割には、よく効く。
この薬は安い割には、よく効く。
Considering it's cheap, this medicine works well.
～ない限り
「何か変わらない限り」 rejects a possibility very strongly. The sentence is not a neutral guess; it says the speaker believes that situation cannot be true.
何か変わらない限り、彼は来るはずがない。
Unless something changes, there's no way he'll come.
いつ～ても
「いつ行っても」 says the result stays the same no matter how strong the condition is.
この店はいつ行っても、いつも混んでいる。
No matter when you go, it's always crowded.
～に関わる
「に関わる」 expresses what should be done because it is reasonable, moral, or expected. It attaches to the dictionary form of the verb.
個人情報に関わる問題は、慎重に扱うべきだ。
Issues involving personal data should be handled carefully.
～ことはない
～ことはない marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「買い替えることはない」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 古い機種でも使えるのだから、すぐに買い替えることはない。
古い機種でも使えるのだから、すぐに買い替えることはない。
The old model still works, so there is no need to replace it right away.
～というより
～というより marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「というより」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: あの記事は報道というより、宣伝に近い。
あの記事は報道というより、宣伝に近い。
That article is closer to advertising than to news.
～にこたえて
～にこたえて marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「にこたえて」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 利用者の要望にこたえて、機能を改善した。
利用者の要望にこたえて、機能を改善した。
In response to user requests, we improved the feature.
～を契機に
「を契機に」 marks the event that triggered a change or started a new situation. The noun before it is the catalyst; the second clause describes what changed because of it.
あの事故を契機に、安全対策が見直された。
Taking that accident as the turning point, safety measures were reviewed.
～げ
～げ marks the key relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Here, 「嬉しげに」 matches both the sentence meaning and the completed structure: 新しい端末を嬉しげに眺めていた。
新しい端末を嬉しげに眺めていた。
He was gazing at the new device looking pleased.