N1 Lesson 16 of 73 · 19 words
コミュニケーション・メディア
Communication & Media
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1
コミュニケーションコミュニケーション
communication
Example & memory tip
コミュニケーションの質を高めるには、話すだけでなく相手の話を深く聞く姿勢が重要だ。
Raising the quality of communication takes not just speaking but listening closely to the other person.
Usage コミュニケーション能力 — often clipped to コミュ力 — and コミュニケーションを取る. The slang コミュ障 describes someone who finds social interaction hard.
Remember it コミュニケーション transliterates communication, from Latin communicare, to share.
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2
マスメディアマスメディア
mass media
Example & memory tip
マスメディアは民主主義の根幹をなす第四権力として、権力の監視役を担う。
The mass media act as watchdogs on power, a fourth estate underpinning democracy.
Usage マスメディアの影響力, マスコミ as the everyday clipped form. Covers テレビ, 新聞, ラジオ, 雑誌. The native term is 大衆媒体, rarely used.
Remember it マス (mass) + メディア (media) → the media that reach the mass.
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3
偏向へんこう
bias偏向
Example & memory tip
特定の政党に有利な偏向報道は、民主主義にとって危険だ。
Biased reporting that favours a particular party is dangerous for democracy.
Usage 偏向報道 is the standard compound and a common accusation in Japanese political argument. 偏り is the plainer word for a skew; バイアス covers cognitive bias.
Remember it 偏 (lean to one side) + 向 (face toward) → leaning and facing one way.
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4
言論の自由げんろんのじゆう
freedom of speech言論自由
Example & memory tip
言論の自由は民主主義の根幹をなすが、ヘイトスピーチなど他者を傷つける発言との線引きが課題だ。
Freedom of speech is fundamental to democracy, but where to draw the line against hate speech is a challenge.
Usage 言論の自由を守る, 言論弾圧 for suppression of speech. Overlaps with 表現の自由, which is the constitutional term and reaches wider — to art, publication and performance.
Remember it 言論 (speech and argument) + 自由 (freedom) → freedom to say and to argue.
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5
検閲けんえつ
censorship検閲
Example & memory tip
独裁政権はメディアへの検閲を強化し、政府批判の声を封じようとした。
The dictatorship tightened censorship of the media, trying to silence criticism of the government.
Usage 検閲する, 事前検閲, インターネット検閲. Article 21 of Japan's constitution bans it outright — 検閲は、これをしてはならない — which is why the word carries such weight.
Remember it 検 (examine) + 閲 (inspect, review) → inspecting before it is allowed out.
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6
個人情報こじんじょうほう
personal data個人情報
Example & memory tip
個人情報の漏洩はプライバシーの侵害であり、企業は厳格な管理が求められる。
A leak of personal data is an invasion of privacy, and companies are required to manage it strictly.
Usage 個人情報保護法, 個人情報の漏洩, 個人情報の取扱い. Ubiquitous in forms and privacy notices. Related: マイナンバー, プライバシーポリシー.
Remember it 個人 (individual) + 情報 (information) → information belonging to a particular person.
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7
フェイクニュースフェイクニュース
fake news
Example & memory tip
フェイクニュースがSNSで急速に拡散され、事実と虚偽の区別が難しくなっている。
Fake news spreads rapidly on social media, making it hard to tell truth from falsehood.
Usage フェイクニュースを見抜く, 情報リテラシー for the skill of telling them apart. Distinguish デマ: a デマ is a rumour, while フェイクニュース imitates the form of journalism.
Remember it フェイク (fake) + ニュース (news) → false reports dressed as news.
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8
デマデマ
hoax
Example & memory tip
災害時にはデマが飛び交いやすく、冷静に情報を確認することが重要だ。
Hoaxes fly around during disasters, so calmly checking information matters.
Usage デマを流す, デマに惑わされる. Shortened from German Demagogie. Older than フェイクニュース and used of rumours passed by word of mouth as much as online.
Remember it デマ clips German Demagogie, the demagogue's trade of stirring people with falsehood.
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9
口コミくちこみ
word of mouth口
Example & memory tip
口コミで評判が広がったレストランは、予約が数ヶ月先まで埋まっている。
The restaurant, whose reputation spread by word of mouth, is booked months ahead.
Usage 口コミで広まる, 口コミサイト, 口コミ評価. A Japanese coinage: 口 plus the clipped コミ from コミュニケーション. Now covers online reviews as much as actual talk.
Remember it 口 (mouth) + コミ (from コミュニケーション) → communication passed mouth to mouth.
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10
SNSエスエヌエス
SNS
Example & memory tip
SNSの普及により、個人が世界中に情報を発信できるようになった一方、プライバシー問題も深刻化している。
Social media let individuals broadcast to the world, while making privacy problems more serious.
Usage Read エスエヌエス. Short for Social Networking Service, and the standard Japanese term where English says social media. 「SNSで拡散する」, SNS疲れ for social media fatigue.
Remember it Read エスエヌエス in Japanese — the English initials kept, though English itself now says social media.
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11
炎上えんじょう
flame war炎上
Example & memory tip
著名人の不適切な発言がSNSで炎上し、企業は謝罪声明を出さざるを得なかった。
A celebrity's inappropriate remark blew up on social media, and the company was forced to issue an apology.
Usage 炎上する, 炎上商法 or 炎上マーケティング for courting outrage deliberately. Literally a building going up in flames; online, a pile-on of criticism.
Remember it 炎 (flame) + 上 (rise) → the comments going up like a fire.
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12
ネットいじめネットいじめ
cyberbullying
Example & memory tip
ネットいじめは匿名性の高いSNSで発生しやすく、被害者が深刻な精神的ダメージを受けることもある。
Cyberbullying arises easily on anonymous social media and can do severe psychological harm.
Usage ネットいじめの被害, ネットいじめ対策. Built from ネット and いじめ; サイバーいじめ also appears. Related: 誹謗中傷, 匿名性.
Remember it ネット (the net) + いじめ (bullying) → bullying carried out over the network.
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13
誹謗中傷ひぼうちゅうしょう
slander誹謗中傷
Example & memory tip
SNSでの誹謗中傷は名誉毀損として法的責任を問われる可能性がある。
Slander on social media can bring legal liability as defamation.
Usage 誹謗中傷を受ける, ネット上の誹謗中傷. A four-character compound of two near-synonyms, used together for force. The legal charge it maps to is 名誉毀損.
Remember it 誹謗 (speak ill of) + 中傷 (wound with lies) → running someone down and wounding them with it.
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14
表現の自由ひょうげんのじゆう
freedom of expression表現自由
Example & memory tip
表現の自由は基本的人権の一つだが、他者の尊厳を傷つける表現には限界がある。
Freedom of expression is a basic human right, but expression that injures others' dignity has its limits.
Usage Constitutional Article 21. Wider than 言論の自由: it takes in art, film, publication and performance. The standard tension is with 名誉毀損 and プライバシー.
Remember it 表現 (expression) + 自由 (freedom) → freedom to put it into any form.
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15
雄弁ゆうべん
eloquence雄弁
Example & memory tip
雄弁な弁護士は法廷で証拠をもとに説得力ある弁論を展開し、無罪を勝ち取った。
The eloquent lawyer built a persuasive case from the evidence in court and won an acquittal.
Usage 雄弁に語る, 雄弁家, and the proverb 沈黙は金、雄弁は銀 — silence is golden, eloquence silver. Its opposite is 口下手, being poor with words.
Remember it 雄 (masculine, powerful) + 弁 (speech) → speech with force behind it.
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16
直截ちょくせつ
frank直截
Example & memory tip
直截に物事を言うスタイルは西洋では好まれるが、日本の職場では角が立つこともある。
A direct style is liked in the West but can rub people the wrong way in a Japanese workplace.
Usage 直截に言う, 直截的な表現. Properly read ちょくせつ, though ちょくさい is now widely accepted. 率直 is the commoner word; the opposites are 遠回し and 婉曲.
Remember it 直 (straight) + 截 (cut clean) → cutting straight to it.
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17
遠回しとおまわし
indirect遠回
Example & memory tip
断るときに遠回しな表現を使う日本語の習慣は、外国人には分かりにくいことがある。
The Japanese habit of using indirect expressions to refuse can be hard for foreigners to read.
Usage 遠回しに言う, 遠回しな表現. The everyday word for going round the houses; 婉曲 is its literary equivalent. Pair it with 建前 to understand a great deal of Japanese conversation.
Remember it 遠 (far) + 回し (going round) → taking the long way round to the point.
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18
建前たてまえ
pretext建前
Example & memory tip
建前と本音が乖離しすぎると、組織の中に不信感が蔓延する。
When the official line and real feelings drift too far apart, distrust spreads through an organisation.
Usage 建前と本音 is always learned as a pair. A 建前 is the position you state publicly because it is the correct one to state. Originally the framework raised at a house-building ceremony.
Remember it 建前 is the frame of a building put up for show at the ceremony — the structure presented to the world.
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19
本音ほんね
true feelings本音
Example & memory tip
職場では建前を言いながら、飲み会の席でようやく本音を話す、という光景は日本では珍しくない。
Speaking the official line at work and only saying what you really think at the drinking party is a common sight in Japan.
Usage 本音を言う, 本音を引き出す, 本音と建前. 飲み会 is the classic setting where 本音 is permitted, which is why drinking culture is so bound up with Japanese work relations.
Remember it 本 (true) + 音 (sound) → the true sound underneath the stated one.